How do I pronounce '밖, 닭, 값'?
At first, do you know what 받침(batchim) is? If you don't, then check this post (http://www.koreanwikiproject.com/wiki/Hangeul_step_5) first. In short, 받침 is the final consonant of the syllable, which is always placed at the bottom of the syllable block.
In '밖, 닭, 값', the final consonants are 'ㄲ, ㄺ, ㅄ' respectively and they all consist of two instead of one consonant. These double final consonants are called 겹받침 (gyeopbatchim).
There are 13 kinds of 겹받침 (ㄲ, ㅆ, ㄳ, ㄵ, ㄶ, ㄺ, ㄻ, ㄼ, ㄽ, ㄾ, ㄿ, ㅀ, ㅄ), but thankfully, there are only 7 sounds for Korean final consonants. All 겹받침 also has one of these 7 sounds. Let's take a look at the examples of 겹받침 and the ways to pronounce them.
1. ㄲ, ㅆ
'ㄲ, ㅆ' are 쌍자음(ssangjaeum), which means the same consonant characters are doubled and functioned as the single consonant. When 'ㄲ, ㅆ' are used as 받침, 'ㄲ' sounds as 'k' and 'ㅆ' sounds as 't'.
Examples
bak 밖 outside
naksi 낚시 fishing
dakda 닦다 to clean, to wash
itda 있다 to exist
haetda했다 did (past tense of 'do')
meogeotda 먹었다 ate (past tense of 'eat')
2. ㄺ, ㄻ, ㄿ
The pronunciation of 받침 ' ㄺ, ㄻ, ㄿ' follows its second character 'ㄱ, ㅁ, ㅍ'.
Examples
dak 닭 chicken
heuk 흙 soil
ikda 읽다 to read
sam 삶 life
jeomda 젊다 to be young
damda 닮다 to resemble
eupda 읊다 to recite
(읊다 and 읊조리다 are the only words that have ㄿ받침)
Exception
When the next syllable begins with ㄱ, ㄺ받침 will be pronounced as ㄹ and the next ㄱ syllable will be pronounced as ㄲ.
Examples
malkko 맑고
nulkkena 늙거나
ilkki읽기
3. the rest of 겹받침
The pronunciation of other 겹받침 (ㄳ, ㄵ, ㄶ, ㄼ, ㄽ, ㄾ, ㅀ, ㅄ) follows its f irst character. (There are some exceptions, though.)
Examples
neok넋 spirit, soul
mok몫 share, portion
anda앉다 to sit
eonda얹다 to put on, to place
manta많다 to be a lot
kkeunta끊다 to disconnect
jjalda짧다 to be short
yeodeol 여덟 eight
halda핥다 to lick
kkeulta끓다 to boil
silta싫다 to hate
gap값 price
eopda없다 to have none
Exception
In 밟다 and 넓적하다 ㄼ받침 sounds as ㅂ.
Examples
bapda 밟다
bapkki 밟기
neopjeokada 넓적하다
References
□ https://www.korean.go.kr/nkview/nknews/200310/63_7.html
□ http://dlegongbuwarac.edupia.com/xmlView.aspx?sixid=038801
□ https://m.blog.naver.com/PostView.nhn?blogId=gleam1213&logNo=220657118350&proxyReferer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.co.kr%2F
□ https://aminoapps.com/c/korean--school/page/blog/double-final-consonant-gyeobbadcim/7er8_xPvcPu4Jw3BpKEDvdDvBpq4dZz0pEL